The Saratoga lake houses were a group of nightclubs operating in the vicinity of Lake Lonely on the east side of Saratoga Springs, New York from the 1920s until the early 1950s. They offered fine dining and top quality entertainment along with illegal liquor during prohibition and illegal gambling.
Although there were many speakeasies in Saratoga Springs during this period, six were well known as 'lake houses': The Arrowhead Inn, Riley's Lake House, The Piping Rock Club, Newman's Lake House,The Meadow Brook (earlier Mayfair), and Smith's Interlaken.
The Piping Rock was located on the north side of Union Avenue near Saratoga Lake, Meyer Lansky, Frank Costello—operator of New York's Copacabana nightclub—and Joe Adonis opened the Piping Rock Club in the early 1930s. At one time the Piping Rock had '12 roulette wheels, three craps tables, one card table and a bird cage. Jul 12, 2018 His Father's companion was an arsonist and the two men's destination is the infamous Piping Rock Casino in Saratoga Springs, New York. The Burning of the Piping Rock is set against the backdrop of the US Senator Kefauver's efforts throughout 1949-1951 to destroy the hubs of organized crime in America.
- 3The clubs
Origins[edit]
During the 1800s establishments known as 'lake houses' surrounded Saratoga Lake, offering fine dining in a country atmosphere a short excursion out of town. Many advertised 'Fish and Game Dinners', and featured fish caught in Saratoga Lake and cooked immediately. Moon's Lake House, the reputed site of the invention of the potato chip is the most well known, but there were Myers Lake House, Avery's Lake House, and Crum's Place and the White Sulphur Spring Hotel at the south end of the lake.[citation needed]
In the mid-1800s John Morrissey opened the Saratoga Race Course in 1863. In 1866 he opened the Saratoga Clubhouse downtown, offering high-stakes gambling for the town's fashionable visitors. The clubhouse was later bought by Richard Canfield and was expanded to today's Canfield Casino. However, in 1907 Saratoga Springs banned gambling in the city and the casino was closed.
Prohibition[edit]
In 1920 the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect prohibiting the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages. Saratoga Springs soon became a center for bootlegging between Canada and Albany.[1] 'Bootleggers shipping booze from Canada passed through the city. And the roadside inns around its outskirts were ideal places to make stops.'[2]
Enterprising criminals, sensing an opportunity, quickly opened so-called carpet joints, which combined gambling, illegal liquor, fine dining and entertainment. The mobsters usually kept their involvement second- or third-hand, operating through local associates.One such was Louis J. 'Doc' Farone, later convicted of 'operation of three gambling houses in Saratoga Springs — (1) Riley's Lake House, (2) The Brook [i.e. Meadowbrook] and (3) Smith's Interlaken.... although defendant was not the record holder of title to any of the three houses, he nevertheless held a beneficial interest in and controlled all of them'[3]
The clubs were open mostly in the summer from June until the close of the month-long Saratoga Race Meeting around the end of August. They featured entertainers such as Bing Crosby, Desi Arnaz, Jimmy Durante, Claudette Colbert, and Sophie Tucker.[2]
Although illegal the clubs received considerable support from local police and politicians.[1] Off-duty police often worked security at the clubs, and police were frequently called to accompany transfers of money from the clubs to the bank.[citation needed] In 1952 Saratoga County Republican Chairman James Leary was indicted for perjury as a result of a gambling investigation.[4] County Democratic chairman and former Saratoga Springs Public Safety Commissioner Arthur Leonard was indicted for conspiracy and bribery.[5] Both men later had the charges dismissed.
The clubs[edit]
The Brook Club[edit]
The first carpet joint in Saratoga Springs was The Brook Club, opened by gambler Arnold Rothstein in 1921. Rothstein is better known for fixing the 1919 World Series in the so-called Black Sox Scandal.[6] Although not a 'lake house'—The Brook Club was the former 'Bonnie Brook' estate of George Saportas on Church Street on the west side of Saratoga Springs—this became the prototype of the later operations in the city and elsewhere. The Brook was managed by Nat Evans (or Evens, b. Nathaniel Evensky), a Rothstein associate who also worked with him on the World Series fix. In 1925 Evans bought Rothstein's share of the club.[7] The Brook Club burned in 1934.
The Brook Club should not be confused with the Meadowbrook (see below) near Saratoga Lake which was sometimes later called The Brook.
Arrowhead Inn[edit]
The Arrowhead was located on Arrowhead Road, off Crescent Avenue, near Saratoga Lake. It closed in 1949 and burned September 1969.
Meadowbrook[edit]
The Mayfair, later the Meadowbrook or simply 'The Brook', opened June 29, 1934 on Union Avenue across from the Piping Rock. It burned in 1959.[8]
Newman's Lake House[edit]
John and Gerald King started Newman's Lake House on Crescent Avenue on the site of a converted inn with a dining room that could seat 500.[6] Newman's was renamed McGarrigle's in 1968.Also as The College Inn in 1969, 1970, it was a great place to party.
Piping Rock Club[edit]
The Piping Rock was located on the north side of Union Avenue near Saratoga Lake, Meyer Lansky, Frank Costello—operator of New York's Copacabana nightclub—and Joe Adonis opened the Piping Rock Club in the early 1930s. At one time the Piping Rock had '12 roulette wheels, three craps tables, one card table and a bird cage.[6] The Piping Rock burned in 1954 under suspicious circumstances.[9]
Riley's Lake House[edit]
Riley's was located on the south shore of Lake Lonely. It was originally opened in 1886 by James H. Riley, noted as a champion rower. In 1923 it was sold to Matthew J. 'Matty' Dunn, a noted New York nightclub owner. In 1925 a raid found that Riley's had 'nearly 100 tables, a large orchestra and thirty negro waiters.'[10] In 1931 Riley's burned and was sold in 1932 to 'Doc' Farone who rebuilt it, and renovated it in art deco style between 1934 and 1936. Dunn continued to lease Riley's until 1938. Riley's closed in 1942.[11]
In August 1984 Riley's Lake House was reopened for one night for a benefit dinner-dance, An Evening in Old Saratoga, to benefit multiple-sclerosis research.'[12]
In 1996 the contents of Riley's Lake House were auctioned off and the building demolished.[13]
Smith's Interlaken[edit]
The Interlaken opened in 1939. It sported a small lunch counter and a large casino.[citation needed] It went out of business and was auctioned off in August 1940 and burned in 1970.
The end[edit]
In 1950 the Kefauver Committee initiated a campaign against organized crime and illegal gambling. The Committee hearings forced Saratoga Springs' city government to finally take action.
In 1951 'Doc' Farone was indicted on gambling charges.[14]
in 1953 Gerard King, operator of Newman's Lake House, pleaded guilty to gambling and conspiracy charges.[15]
Meyer Lansky served a few months in Saratoga County Jail for gambling, his first jail sentence.[16]
Organized crime moved its gambling operations to Havana, Cuba until the revolution, and later to Las Vegas.
Saratoga Springs Casino Website
The end of gambling spelled the end for the lake houses. In 1956 Frank Sullivan wrote in a piece for Sports Illustrated:
Sin being conspicuous by its absence at Saratoga these days, no ear, however delicately attuned, can detect the click of a roulette wheel.[2]
References[edit]
- ^ ab'Vice: The Darker Side of Saratoga Springs'. The Saratoga Springs History Museum. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
- ^ abcMason, Justin (May 26, 2013). 'New casino likely would be tamer than in past'. Daily Gazette. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
- ^Froessel, J. 'People V. Farone'. Legal, Inc. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
- ^'Special Grand Jury Indicts James Leary Again'. Schenectady Gazette. September 9, 1953. Retrieved August 7, 2014.
- ^'State's gambling future in hands of Supreme Court'. Daily Gazette. January 26, 2004. Retrieved August 7, 2014.
- ^ abcHertel, Ed. 'Saratoga Springs:A Brief Gambling History'(PDF). Casino Chip and Token News. 22 (3): 30–39. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ^Allardice, Bruce. 'Nat Evans'. Society for American Baseball Research (SABR). Retrieved May 17, 2015.
- ^'Saratoga's History Room Databases: Notable Fires'. Saratoga Springs Public Library. Retrieved August 10, 2014.
- ^'Early Solution to Cause of Piping Rock Blaze Hinted'. Schenectady Gazette (Vol. LX, No. 277). 19 August 1954. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
- ^'Dunn Found Guilty in Riley Lake House Liquor Case by Federal Jury; Sentence Later'(PDF). The Saratogian. January 14, 1926. Retrieved August 8, 2014.
- ^Rossi, Rick (Summer 2013). 'Coming of Age in Saratoga: Since 1948'(PDF). Saratoga Seasons Magazine. Retrieved August 8, 2014.
- ^Ferretti, Fred (August 8, 1984). 'Social Season in Saratoga Hits its Stride'. The New York Times. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
- ^Kruse, Meredith (September 10, 1996). 'Owner seeks permit to destroy former casino'. The Sunday Gazette. Retrieved August 7, 2014.
- ^'Second night spot operator is indicted'. Norwich Sun. August 17, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
- ^'Gerard King Indicted On Income Tax Evasion'. Schenectady Gazette. March 5, 1954. Retrieved August 7, 2014.
- ^'Williams Defends Saratoga Probe'(PDF). The Saratogian. December 8, 1953. Retrieved August 8, 2014.
External links[edit]
- Cutshall-King, Joseph (2013). The Burning of The Piping Rock. Northshire Bookstore. ISBN978-1605710976. Historical mystery based on the unsolved arson of Piping Rock Casino in Saratoga Springs in 1954.
Piping Rock Club is a country club in Locust Valley, New York.
History[edit]
Casino Hotel Saratoga Springs Ny
The Piping Rock clubhouse was designed by American designer Guy Lowell and built in 1911. Lowell based his designs on American colonial architecture and a desire to link the house with the landscape. Most of the rooms open into a hall that surrounds an internal courtyard.[1]
The Piping Rock Club has an 18-hole links-style golf course that was designed by Charles B. Macdonald. Its tennis facilities include several indoor courts, clay courts and grass courts. A separate facility on Long Island Sound provides beach, pool and summer dining facilities for members.
The club hosted the Piping Rock Horse Show from at least 1912 to 1915.[2][3][4] On October 24, 1937 Cole Porter was in a riding accident there that crushed his legs, leading to one of them being amputated years later.[5]
Members[edit]
It was the 'Augusta of its Day' and boasted members like J. P. Morgan, Jr., Benjamin Strong, Jr., first president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Percy Chubb, co-founder of the insurance company, Louis Comfort Tiffany stained glass, Frank Nelson Doubleday, publishing, Condé Montrose Nast, publishing, William L. Harkness, Standard Oil, Frederic B. Pratt, George Dupont Pratt, Harold I. Pratt, Standard Oil heirs and philanthropists, W. Averell Harriman, future New York Governor, Payne Whitney, Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt and Vincent Astor.[citation needed]
In popular culture[edit]
Saratoga Springs Hotel & Casino
In Mad Men: 'The Quality of Mercy' (the season 6 penultimate episode), Jim Cutler invites the agency's St. Joseph's client to golf at Piping Rock 'while there's still grass left'.
References[edit]
- ^MacKay, Robert B.; Baker, Anthony K.; & Traynor, Carol A. (Eds.) 1997. Long Island Country Houses and Their Architects, 1860-1940. Society for the Preservation of Long Island Antiquities. New York: Norton, 1997. ISBN0-393-03856-4
- ^'Society Aids At Piping Rock Show. Notable People View Amateur Horse Exhibition Amid Long Island Hills'. New York Times. October 5, 1912. Retrieved 2009-12-10.
- ^'Miss Lida Fleitmann's Right Leg Broken When Mare Falls Upon Her'. New York Times. October 2, 1915. Retrieved 2009-02-02.
Miss Lida Louise Fleitmann, one of the best known women riders in the Long Island hunting set, suffered a double fracture of the right leg yesterday afternoon when she was crushed by her lightweight hunter, Cygnet, which slipped and fell while competing in one of the jumping classes of the Piping Rock Horse Show Association's thirteenth annual exhibition on the grounds of the Piping Rock Club at Locust Valley, L.I.
- ^'Piping Rock Horse Show Attracts Hunting Set to the Locust Valley Grounds'. New York Times. October 4, 1913. Retrieved 2009-12-09.
That the horse retains its position in the affections of society and sportsmen and sportswomen generally was again made manifest at the eleventh annual show of the Piping Rock Club at Locust Valley, at which a peep at the names on the boxes overlooking the picturesque inclosure, and under the lee of the clubhouse, showed several hundred who are prominent in the social register.
- ^Lahr, John (July 12, 2004). 'King Cole'. The New Yorker. Retrieved 2009-12-09.
On October 24, 1937, Cole Porter went out for a horseback ride at the Piping Rock Club, in Locust Valley, Long Island — one of those swank playgrounds whose names he liked to rhyme in song and which signalled his fully paid-up membership in the Elegentsia. In the woods, the skittish horse, which the forty-six-year-old Porter had been warned against riding, shied and fell on him, crushing both his legs.
External links[edit]
Saratoga Springs Ny Casino
Coordinates: 40°51′23″N73°35′06″W / 40.85639°N 73.58500°W